As a follow up to our incredible and successful Finger Lakes Wine Experience event last week, here is a brief history and facts about rosé wine. Contrary to popular belief, rosé wine is NOT made by mixing/blending white and red wine together to create ‘pink’ wine. Although, in its infancy, it was a rudimentary and common practice.
Modern Rosé most likely originated in the 6th century BC. The Greeks created the first pink wine in modern day Marseille, France, close to the Mediterranean in Southern France, but these attempts were off-dry and too tannic due to prolonged contact during fermentation.
Rosé (Rosado in Spain, Rosato in Italy) comes from red grapes that have been macerated for just a few hours up to 24 hours to extract a little bit of color from the skins. Maceration (most common) refers to a process of soaking grape must on the skins to extract color, aroma, and tannins. When the ideal color is achieved, the juice is filtered off the skins and fermentation like a white wine is completed. More similar to a white than a red in terms of aroma and flavor profile, light body, and acidity.
Another method called Saignee (sahn-yay) Method (french) or bleeding off is the process of draining some juice from a red wine fermentation to increase the concentration/used in a different vat. Leftover juice is used for a deep colored rose wine.
Also, cold soaking is the process of resting the juice with the skins at a cold temp prior to fermentation. This helps extract more color and flavors from the skin.
Blending is the least common where you add a splash of red wine to a vat of white wine. Mostly done in the early days and frowned upon today unless you’re in Champagne, France where they use red and white grapes..
Rosés can range in color from pale pink (Bandol in France) -medium pink (Grenache or Grenache blend) -deep pink (Tavel) or pale salmon (Provence, White Zinfandel) -medium salmon (Sangiovese)-deep salmon (Syrah, Merlot). Sometimes Rosés can appear pale copper (Provence, Pinot Gris/Grigio), medium copper (Pinot Noir), or deep copper (Syrah). Color achieved is a result of maceration time, cool vs. warm climate, ripeness of grape skins, and varietal used. Any red/black grape can be used by itself or in combo with others.
Rosé is often a blend of different varietals, such as Mourvèdre, Pinot Noir, Grenache, Cab Franc around the world or just a single varietal. Sometimes a little bit of white is added. Much depends on the quality of vintage and ripeness of grape juice/skins.
In France, typically Grenache and Syrah in southern France and Cabernet Franc in northern France. In Italy, Rosato is made all over Italy using one or several local, indigenous varieties, but also Sangiovese (Italian grape found in Chianti). In Spain, Rosado is made from the signature grape Tempranillo and sometimes with Garnacha (same grape as Grenache found in France). In Argentina, the signature grape, Malbec, is used.
Best drank young (1-2 years). So, 2021 and 2022 vintages are ideal right now. The 2023 vintage which has been released in many regions, like the FLX, is very good, but may take a little time to mature and evolve in the bottle. Serve between 45-55 degrees – better cold to enhance the aromas, flavors and acidity.
It is one of the best wines for pairing with warm weather appetizers and light bites. Crisp, fruity, and vibrant, a light rosé with substantial acidity will offer a counterbalance to soft and mellow cheeses and fresh crudites without being overpowering. Try it with goat Gouda, Havarti, Feta, baby Swiss, and cheddar. Salty foods, such as prosciutto and nuts and olives on a charcuterie board are a delicious choice. It’s versatile and refreshing for summer picnics or time spent outdoors.
Lighter rosés (FLX, NY, Cali, Oregon) pair great with cheese, sushi, salads and seafood. The higher acidity makes it very food friendly. Bolder rosés (Old World/France & Italy) pair well with bolder foods, like pizza, BBQ, spicy foods, Asian cuisine, charcuterie, turkey, ham, heavier cheeses
The very driest rosés (watermelon, grapefruit, herbs) – look for Tavel and Grenache from Southern France and Languedoc Roussillon region.
Dry Rosé (melon, peppercorn, strawberry) – Pinot Noir, Tempranillo, Mourvèdre
Semi-Dry (plum, cherry, smoke) – Syrah and Cab Sauvignon
Off-dry (red fruits) – Sangiovese and Malbec
Sweet (raspberry, melon, strawberry) – White Zinfandel (sweeter) and Pink Moscato (sweeter and carbonated)
Rosé has seen an incredible spike in popularity in the US. In 2017, it was the number one fastest growing beverage category, with a 25% annual sales increase. The demand from Provence – a French region once looked down upon for its simple wines – has outstripped the grape supply. France produces and consumes more than any other region accounting for 30% of the world’s rosé. Rosé in Spain has grown exponentially and their Rosados have received international acclaim that are starting to rival the French.
If you would like to learn more about Rosé wine or want recommendations on the best ones to try, please reach out. Stay tuned for more blog posts like this all spring and summer. Look for fun wine tasting and food/wine pairing events as well as featuring different wines from around the globe and the Finger Lakes.
Cheers,
Michael Nagy
Great job! Excellent info!